On the Track of the Exodus

In the forward by Rev. E.H. Thorold, C.B., C.B.E., M.A., D.D. Chaplain-General to the Forces he says, "Particularly I recommend the book to soldiers who are fond of Bible study, as it presents knowledge and offers wonderful new theories in the clear way that we like."

After the foreward is an analysis by Isidore Wartski who states, "The fact that the Israelites did undoubtedly develop into a seafaring people does support the idea of a combined land and sea operation."

Ex 13:18
18 But God led the people about, through the way of the wilderness of the Red sea: and the children of Israel went up harnessed out of the land of Egypt.
(or "in ranks of five"  OT:2571 chamush : staunch, i.e. able-bodied soldiers: KJV - armed (men), harnessed. OT:2568
chamesh ; a primitive numeral; five: KJV - fif [-teen], fifth, five (X apiece).)

The point of chapter one is "The narrative of the Exodus will be followed as closely as Possible..." (p.3)

MAIN TRADE ROUTES

"The rise to power of the foremost kingdoms in early history, those of Egypt and Babylon, resulted from their similar control of a great river highway with its outlet to the sea...But the great river highways served more especially the purposes of national defence...the actual construction of the ship canal (from the Nile to the Red Sea) appears to have been one of the great works of the Old Kingdom." (p.4)

"In this district (the land of Goshen) the Israelites had not only a rich agricultural country but open pastures on either side and were in a position to control much of the trade and intercourse of Egypt with the East, and to act as carriers between the former and Palestine and Arabia." (p.5)  "By their settlement in Goshen, the Israelites had access to the Mediterranean Sea by the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, now nonexistent...The Israelites had every opportunity to develop fishing fleet both in the Mediterranean and in the Gulf of Suez, of which the upper waters came within their territory.  They were in the position to carry on overseas trade, north  and south, to the full extent of what maritime enterprise they possessed." (p.6)

CLIMATE OF GOSHEN, EGYPT

"The Conclusion arrived at is that the direction given to the Exodus from Goshen was confined to the pasture country bordering on the Gulf of Suez..."(p.12)

"The desolation that has come to pass was foretold by Isaiah 19:5-10, where he gives a vivid picture of the conditions existing in Egypt in his lifetime..."p.12

"Isa 19:5-6
5 And the waters shall fail from the sea, and the river shall be wasted and dried up.
 
This verse refers to the Pelusiac Nile (flowed through Goshen).
6 And they shall turn the rivers far away; and the brooks of defence shall be emptied and dried up: the reeds and flags shall wither.
 
The brooks of defence were defensive canals, of which Diodorus states there were twelve across the Delta between Memphis and the sea." (p.13)

"Gold, Copper, and turqouise gave to Sinai an active mining industry, which the Egyptians exploited with forced labour.  The country was on all sides, in touch with seaborne trade, and caravans from the East and West..." (p.16)

"It is not difficult to realize that 3,500 years ago the valleys of Southern Sinai would have afforded rich pasture for flocks and herds, and an easy passage for caravans." (p.16)

LIFE IN THE DELTA

1 Chron 4:18
18 And his wife Jehudiajah bare Jered the father of Gedor, and Heber the father of Socho, and Jekuthiel the father of Zanoah. And these are the sons of Bithiah the daughter of Pharoah, which Mered took.


OT:1332 Bithyah ; from OT:1323 and OT:3050; daughter (i.e. worshipper) of Jah; Bithjah, an Egyptian woman:
OT:1323 bath ; a daughter :  KJV - apple [of the eye], branch, company, daughter, X first, X old, + owl, town, village.
Moses was of the tribe of Levi, and raised by Hebrew parents, specifically of the tribe of Judah (wherein the ruling sceptre is held).  In my opinion, giving Moses a "legal" right to rule over the children of Israel, in addition to his priestly duties by birth.  "As Moses gained ascendancy over the Egyptian Government..."(p.30)

"...For two centuries before the Exodus the Israelites had been in the Egyptian Delta, living the life of the Delta, entirely different from the nomadic life of Canaan; and continually founding new colonies to relieve congestion from within the bounds of their original settlement...with everything concerned in shipping and seamanship was no sudden acquisition.  It could only have accrued from generations of seafaring experience, habits, and customs.  Even during the sojourn of forty years "in the wilderness" there could have been no severance from their seagoing habits..." (p.25)
Num 11:22
22 Shall the flocks and the herds be slain for them, to suffice them? or shall all the fish of the sea be gathered together for them, to suffice them?

"With a fleet in being in Egypt are we to suppose they left it behind, or that they made all possible use of it for transport?...we may visualize flocks and herds, and a fishing fleet." (p.26)

"After the conquest of Palestine their ships could have rejoined them at Jaffa and Haifa, seaports of Dan and Asher.  The tribes of Dan and Asher were pioneers of overseas trade.  Marriage between Danites and the people of Tyre is noted in II Chronicles 2:14.  The Exodus seems to have caused no break in the essential continuity of the seafaring activity of the Israelites...One satisfactory effect of all this enforced labour was certainly the acquisition of exact methods of organization, control and rapid concentration of large numbers at short notice; otherwise the Exodus could hardly have been attempted." (p.26)

AN ENIGMA

Skip Chapter 8-9 and insert David Rohl's book Pharaohs and Kings.  All I can say about the History of Egyptians Pharaohs without David Rohls evidence is that "It is a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma; but perhaps there is a key."

A form of Winston Churchill's quotation, made in a radio broadcast in October 1939:

"I cannot forecast to you the action of Russia. It is a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma; but perhaps there is a key. That key is Russian national interest."

THE STRATEGY OF THE EXODUS

"The Exodus was conducted by a distinguished soldier...Josephus credits him with having attained the rank of general in the Egyptian army, and with the conduct of a successful campaign against the Ethiopians." (p.49)

Gen 18:19
19 For I know him, that he will command his children and his household after him, and they shall keep the way of the LORD, to do justice and judgment; that the LORD may bring upon Abraham that which he hath spoken of him.

"...with all the water transport at their disposal, a base could have been formed at the head of the Gulf of Suez, and supplies maintained by a fleet of ships and boats."

"Throughout the Exodus narrative the student is confronted with the WILDERNESS and the Desert.  The Israelites with their women and children, camp followers, flocks and herds, and immense weight of stores, supplies and tents, are forced to traverse great stretches of barren, desolate country devoid of grass and water...But the Hebrew word "midbar" translated almost invariably as "wilderness" or "desert," does certainly mean also pastures or praire land..." (p.54)

" "Midbar" would apply to Salisbury Plain, the South African veldt or the prairies of America.  The Exodus narrative gains much in life and interest and becomes quite intelligible." (p.55)

TRANSPORTATION

"The ruling factor of the whole migration was transport....Moses had...three methods ...:pack, wheel, and water...water is the great carrier... The Wadi Tumilat Canal would afford passage for a flotilla of barges and fishing-boats from the Nile to the head of the Gulf of Suez.  All tents, stores, equipment, baggage and supplies could be moved by water to the point of concentration.  The marching columns would comprise all able-bodied men, less the crews, guards and baggage parties for the flotilla; together with the pack and wheel transport for light baggage and rations, ox carts for the women and children, and "the flocks and herds, even very much cattle"." (p.57)

The rest of the chapter entails the various routes, but taking into consideration Larry Williams book Mt. Sinai Myth I disagree with this author where the Red Sea crossing was also because Truth Research has categorically established the true crossing site, and Larry Williams-- Mt. Sinai (Jabal Al Lawz) Then we skip to the conclusion of this remarkable treatise...

Chapter XX     THE FORTY YEARS

Num 14:33
33 And your children shall wander in the wilderness forty years, and bear your whoredoms, until your carcases be wasted in the wilderness.

"Wander" should be translated "to feed", as "there are seven Hebrew words in the Bible translated "wander"--

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Halak : to go on, to walk (Josh. 14:10)

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Nadad : to flee away, move, wander (Job 15:23)

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Nua : to move, shake, stagger, wander (Jer. 14:10)

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Tsaah : to wander, cast down, depress (Jer. 2:20)

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Shagah : to err, wander, go astray (Gen. 37:15)

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OUR WINNER Raah :  to feed
 

"In other words, they were to lead a nomadic life as shepherds, dwelling in tents instead of gaining possession of the land of Canaan with fixed abode in towns and villages." (p.101) Curious, when Cain sinned he was cast out of the Garden of Eden and commanded to wander around living nomadically.  Interesting that the same punishment applied, but different time span.

Their base of operations at this point is Eziongeber.  "They had an eleven day journey from Sinai to Kadesh Barnea (which means "the consecrated place of going to and fro".  It was at the cross-roads of important trade routes and of strategic value as the advanced base." (p.104)

"...on the retreat to the Gulf of Akaba ...the Israelites arrive at Eziongeber...the caravan routes from east to west traversed their territory.  Trade was possible in all directions, overseas as well as by land.  They were in touch with the harbours of Eziongeber and Eloth...instead...they forfeited by refusing in any circumstances (p. 107)

TO FIGHT FOR KING AND COUNTRY

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